The XML Paper Specification (XPS), formerly codenamed "Metro", is a document storage and viewing specification developed by Microsoft. The specification itself describes the formats and rules for distributing, archiving, rendering, and processing XPS documents. Most notably, the markup language for XPS is a subset of XAML for Windows Presentation Foundation, so that the methods used for rendering Windows applications can be used for documents.

XPS is viewed as a potential competitor to Adobe's portable document format (PDF), due to its ease of use, ubiquity in future Windows OSes, and a smaller download in current OSes. PDF includes dynamic capabilities, and will not be replaced by XPS when such capabilities are needed.

Microsoft has indicated that devices aiming at Premium level of Windows Logo conformance certificate will be required to have XPS drivers for printing by June 1, 2007.

XPS is shipped with Microsoft's Windows Vista and has the support of office printing system companies such as Canon, Epson, Hewlett-Packard, Ricoh and Xerox and software and hardware companies such as Software Imaging, Pagemark Technology, Informative Graphics, NiXPS and Zoran.